Hair-waving apparatus



Oct. 16, 1928. 1,687,659

F. COUNE HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 18, 1924 ill) Patented Oct. 16, 1928.

UNITED STATES FELIX COUNE, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HAIR-WAITING APPARATUS.

Application filed January 18, 1924. Serial No. 686,978.

My invention relates to improvements in permanent hair waving apparatus, and more particularly to an-improved form of bobbin, about which the hair may be wound and thereafter removed, in a minimum time, and which assists in simplifying the permanent waving of hair, allowing the attendant to more etticiently wave the hair, with less possible annoyance to the person.

Permanent hair waving processes are well known. They comprise essentially heating the hair while coiled about a bobbin, and frequently include steaming the hair, which assists in attaining permanent and natural appearing waves. This steaming is accomplished by the use of a lotion, placed either in a tube into which the bobbin is inserted before attaching to a heater. or on a saturated cloth wrapped about the hair on the bobbin. In either case, it is necessary to prevent the steam from escaping from the tube and scalding the scalp of the person. Frequently clamps are employed for holding the adjacent end of the tube tightly against the hair and bobbin, but what is mostly used at the present day is string tying this end of the tube closed. Thus it will he noted that the work of preparing the hair preliminary to the heating step of the process is tediou and intricate, requiring time and patience on the part of the attendant, due to the number of tresses and bobbins employed each time, and more particularly because these tresses herctofore required separate tying at each end upon the bobbins by short pieces of string.

An object of my invention is to overcome the above difficulties by providing an improved form of bobbin adapted to receive the hair, coiled thereon, and suitably to clamp the tress of hair thereto at each end, without the necessity of employing short pieces of string, wh ch normally require careful wrapping about the hair to prevent pulling at the scalp.

My invention resides mainly in the manner of en'iploying a novel form of clamping means. preferably at each end of the bobbin, which eliminates the use of the aforesaid string, and yet affords a more efficient fastening of the ha r to the bobbin, in a minimum time and with les possible annoyance to the person. An advantage to be obtained through the use of my invention is that it is not necessary to hold the bobbin any length of time while the hair is secured at the ends, which was heretofore required, and which created considerable annoyance, both to the attendant and to the person whose hair was being waved.

A further novelty resides in the particular form of the clamping means employed. The aforesaid tubes and heaters are usually standard in size and provide practically no extra space between the tube and bobbin. Consequently, a marked advantage will be obtained by making the clamps of such formation that they will not hinder the insertion of the bobbin within the tube, but will preferably be concealed within the tube, or disposed in such manner as will not hinder the attaching of the heater about the tube.

A further object is in the provision of a bobbin having a novelly formed hair receiving portion. Each tress of hair is normally thicker at the scalp end, and. if some provision to compensate for this variation is not made, the waves will not be uniform, being larger adjacent the scalp. I overcome this by tapering the bobbin so that the thicker portion of the hair is wound upon the bobbin at a point where its cross section is the smallest. The waves along each tress are thereby made uniform, which facilitates dressing the hair after it is waved.

In order to apprise those skilled in the art how to practice and construct my invention, I shall now describe preferred embodiments thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings which form a part. hereof.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a view of the device embodying my invention, with the clamping members at each end illustrated in open position;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but. illustrating the clamping members in closed position, with a tress of hair suitably wound upon and fastened to the curler or bobbin;

Fig. 3 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section of an alternative embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 4 illustrates the position of the clamping members when a tress of hair is wound upon the device shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an alternative embodiment of my invention, illustrating a device substantially the same as the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a still further alternative embodiment of my invention; and

Fig. 7 illustrates the devices in a heater tube.

Vhile I have shown various alternative embodiments of my invention in the drawings, it is to be understood that I intend employing either form whenever desirable, and therefore, do not wish to be limited to any one as a preferred form, as a common feature of a hair receiving portion with clamps at theends thereof for clamping the hair thereto will be found in each embodiment shown.

Inasmuch as the present invention is not directed specifically to the heater or tubes which surround the curler or bobbin employed in permanent hair waving apparatus, I have, for the sake of simplicity, omitted illustrating these devices in the drawing- They are well known to those skilled in the art and need not be of any particular construction, or form, for use with the improved bobbin disclosed herein.

By referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that the curler or bobbin 1 comprises a rod or elongated hair receiving portion 2. which may be made of any desired material. The end of the bobbin, which preferably first receives the tress of hair, is terminated into a reduced U-shape end portion 3, preferably integral therewith. The reduced U-shape end portion 3 is preferably formed by cutting away a portion of this bobbin, so that this end will taper almost to a point. Thereupon it is turnc'd back upon itself to result in a U-shape clamp as shown in Fig. 1. The material of this clamp is such that leg 4 there of will remain against leg 5 when pressed thereagainst. Leg 5 is preferably co -extensive with the hair receiving portion 2 while the leg 4 is adapted to lie substantially in the same plane of portion 5 when in closed position. The advantage of forming the clamp in this manner is that no interference will be encountered when inserting the hobbin 1 in the tube. for heating the hair. As the tress of hair is wound about the bobbin, the clamp 3 tightly grips the same at a point adjacent the scalp. The particular action of clamp 3 is unique, because it requires very little time and eifort on the part of the attendant to pinch the parts 4 and 5 thereof together, in order that the hair may be initially gripped by the bobbin. Moreover. it does not require the attendant, or even the person whose hair is being waved. to hold bobbin 1 during the initial securing of the tress of hair thereto. which was heretofore required when short pieces of string were used.

At the opposite end of bobbin 1, a second clamp 7 is provided. In view of the fact that each tress of hair wound upon the bobbin may vary in length, it is desirable that the clamp should be mounted upon the bobbin 1 so that it will be longitudinally adjustable therealong. It is further desirable that this clamp 7 lie as closely as possible against the bobbin so that it will not interfere with the insertion of the bobbin within the heating tube, as before explained. This may be accomplished by forming the clamp 7 outof a air of jaw members 8 and 9, each preferably eing semicircular in cross section, so that they form a concentric sleeve about the bobbin when in closed position. In order to attain adjustability of clamp 7 along bobbin 1, as just explained, I have provided a plurality of grooves 10 cut in a manner to form transverse shoulders 11. The surface of each groove is formed substantially conical, so as to assist in the mounting of clamp 7, as will be presently described. The jaw members 8 and 9 are connected together by means of a wire spring 12. Spring 12 may be provided with a coil 13 intermediate the point of connection with the jaw members 8 and 9. In mounting clamp 7 upon the bobbin 1, the coil 13 of spring 12 is forced over the end of bobbin 1, the central opening thereof being en larged slightly at the time by the spreading act1on resulting from forcing the head 14 at the end of the bobbin through this central opening. The coil 13 when engaging in the first groove will resume its normal size and be prevented from being dislodged by the adjacent transverse shoulder 11.

It will be noted at this point that coil 13 may be made to engage any of the grooves 10, it dependin upon whether it is necessary to bring clamp farther down upon the bobbin in order to clamp the end of the hair wound thereon. Spring 12 will tend to hold jaw members 8 and 9 of clamp 7 apart. They ma be, however. locked together by the provision of a suitable clip 15 on member 8, the tip of which may engage in a depression 16 in member 9.

The manner in which the hair will be wound upon the hair receiving portion 2, and the manner in which the clamps 3 and 7, will fasten the hair at each end of bobbin 1, are clearly shown in Fig. 2. The end of the bob bin carrying clamp 3 is placed on the hair as close to the scalp as is practically possible. After the hair is initially wound upon leg 5, as is shown in Fig. 2, the leg 4 may be pinched thereagainst. This will hold the hair at this end of the bobbin while the remaining portion of the tress of hair is wound thereon. The manner in which the clamp 7 is carried upon the opposite end of the bobbin permits it to be quickly mounted.

If so desired. by looping the hair one or more times about leg 5 and then moving the leg 4 to closed position, this latter leg 4 may be positively locked in this position by thereafter looping the hair about the outside of the same, as shown in Fig. 2. However. this is not necessary.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I provide a sleeve 16' for surrounding the bobbin 1, and about which the hair may be wound durin the curling thereof. The clamps 3 and 7 will be of practically the same construction as shown in Figures 1 and 2. A coil spring 17 is confined between the head 14 and the adjacent end of the sleeve 16. Normally, the spring 17 tends to hold the sleeve extended along the bobbin 1, but the latter may be moved a certain distance in the opposite direction against the spring, in order to permit the le 4 to be moved to closed position against Eeg 5 of clamp 1. By releasing the sleeve 16, it will move to its original position, so that the adjacent end thereof will engage and confine a portion of the leg 4 within it. Thus the clamps 3 and 4 may be positively locked in closed position.

The opposite end of sleeve 16' is serrated or toothed to form a ratchet 18, which is engaged by one end of spring 17. The purpose of this is to prevent the rotation of bobbin 1 while the hair is wound about the sleeve 16. It will be remembered that clamp 3 initially secures the hair upon the b bbin, and consequently, there will be a ten..ency for the bobbin to revolve while the hair is wound about the sleeve 16. This tendency for relative rotation between bobbin 1 and sleeve 16 is overcome by the ratchet 18 engaged by the lower end of spring 17 In this instance, the clamp 7 will be of the same construction. The grooves 10 may be eliminated, and the various convolutions of thespring 11 may be used in their stead.

The embodiment of my invention illustrated in Fig. 5 is substantiall the same as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. nstead of employing the clamp 3, I intend to use a scissors clamp 20. Scissors clamp 20 comprises a pair of pivoted jaw members 21 and 22 between which the end of the hair adjacent the scalp is passed and clamped. The inner ends of these jaw members 21 and 22 are provided with arms 23 adapted to be closed upon a projection 24 integrally formed, at this end, with the bobbin. After the hair is passed between the jaws 21 and 22, the arms 23 are turned inwardly by the hair being wound therearound, which results in the jaws 21 and 22 also closing. Thus the hair is initially secured at this end of the bobbin and continued winding of the hair upon the bobbin may ensue without fear of the clamp 20.releasing the initial fastening thereof. It will sufiice to say that clamp 7 is substantially of the same construction as that previously disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2, and therefore, description thereof in this embodiment is deemed unnecessary.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 6, the bobbin is of substantially the same construction as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, but has the scissors clamp 20 embodied therein instead of the clamp 3. In this case, the lower end of sleeve 16' functions to confine the arms 23 therein, or rather to hold them in closed position, in order to suitably clamp the hair between the jaw members 21 and 22 of the scissors clamp 20. In all other respects, the construction and operation of this modification is the same as the device shown in Fig. 5.

It'is believed that the structural principles underlying this invention, its fundamental theory and the merits and advantages which it possesses will be clear to those skilled in the art without further detailed descri tion or elaboration of other equivalent s ecihc forms in which the invention may fin expression. Hence, without limiting the invention to any or all of the particular embodiments thereof herein selected for purposes of illustration and description;-

I claim:

1. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair Wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating, said bobbin comprising a substantially elongated body portion for receiving the hair, and a clamp including means for positively gripping the hair to said bobbin at each end and fitting with'said bobbin into said tube.

2. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently wavin hair by having the hair wound thereon and then laced within a tube for heating, said bobbin includin a clamp at each of its ends, said clamps eac 1 including means for positively gripping the hair thereto. said clamps being arranged so as to normally lie within the tube when said bobbin is inserted therein.

3. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating, said bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion and a clamp at the end first receiving the hair, said clamp including means for positively gripping the hair and being so integrally formed with said hair receiving portion as to constitute a coextending part thereof.

4. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating, said bobbin comprising a hair receiving ortion and a clamp at one end thereof, said clamp being coextensive with and having a movable leg lying within the lane of said hair receiving portion when in c osed position.

5. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently wavin hair by hav ng the hair wound thereon and then plated within a tube for heating, said bobbin comprising be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating, said bobin comprising a hair receiving portion and a clamp at one end thereof, said clampconsisting of a looped U member having one of its legs coextensive with said hair receiving portion.

7. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted t0 be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a. tube for heating, said bobbin comrisin a hair receivin ortion and a clam at one end thereof, said clamp consisting of a looped U member having one of its legs coextensive'with said hair receiving portion and a second leg movable to closed position substantially against the first leg.

8. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating, said bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion and a clamp'at one end thereof, said clamp including a U shape member.

9. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating. said bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having one of its ends reduced and formed into a clamp for clamping the hair thereto. the opposite end of said bobbin being provided with a plurality of grooves, and a clamp for the hair at said opposite end. said clamp cooperating with said grooves whereby the same may be held upon said bobbin.

10. In a device of the class described, in combination, a curler or bobbin adapted to be used for permanently waving hair by having the hair wound thereon and then placed within a tube for heating. said bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion and a. clamp at one end thereof, the opposite end of said bobbin being provided with a plurality of grooves. and a clamp for said opposite end cooperating with said grooves whereof the same may be adjustablv held upon said bobbin.

11. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having a groove at one end thereof, and a clamp for the hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end. said clamp being detacbably held upon said bobbin by cooperating with said groove.

12. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a -ried2 by said bobbin at hair reoeiving portion having rooves at one end thereof, and a. clamp for t e hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp being longitudinally adjustable upon said bobbin by cooperating with said grooves.

13. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having a series of grooves at one end thereof, and a clamp for the hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at'said end, said clamp being detachably held upon said bobbin by cooperating with said grooves, said grooves permitting said clamp to -be longitudinally adjustable along said bobbin.

14. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having a groove at one end thereof, and a'clamp adapted to be carsaid end, said-clamp spring connected jaw comprising a pair of their interconnection members cooperating at with said groove.

15. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having a series of grooves at one end thereof, and a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp comprising a. pair of jaw members connected by an intermediate member which is adapted to cooperate with said grooves to permit longitudinal adjustment of said jaw members along said bobbin.

16. A. hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair retaining portion having a groove at one end thereof. a clam adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp being in the form of a concentric sleeve when in closed position, andinterengaging means between said clamp and said groove providing a detachable mounting for said clamp.

17. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair retaining ortion having a groove adjacent one end t ereof, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp including a air of substantially semi-circular jaw members connected but normally held apart by a spring, said spring cooperating with said groove to retain said clamp upon said bobbin.

18. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair retaining portion having a series of grooves at one end thereof, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp being in the form of a concentric sleeve when in closed position, and interengaging means between said clamp and said grooves providing a detachable longitudinally adjustable mounting for said clamp on said bobbin.

19. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair retaining portion having a series 0 grooves adjacent one end thereof, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end. said clamp including a pair of substantially semi-circular jaw members connected but normally held apart by a spring, said spring cooperatin with said grooves to retain said clamp and permit adjustment thereof along said bobbin.

20. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion, a clamp for the hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at one end thereof, said clamp being detachabl held upon said bobbin, and means for hold ing said clamp upon said bobbin.

21. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion, a clamp fort e hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin, and detachable means for holding said clamp upon said bobbin.

22. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion, a clamp for the hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at one end thereof, said clamp being detachably held upon said bobbin, and means for holding said clamp upon said bobbin, said means permitting longitudinal adjustment of said clamp along said bobbin.

23. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having clamp receiv ing means at one end, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp comprising a pair of interconnected jaw members adapted to co-operate wtih said clamp receiving means.

24. A hair curler 0r bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having clamp. receiving means at one end, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp comprising a pair of interconnected jaw members adapted to co-operate with said clamp receiving means, to permit longitudinal adjustment of said jaw members along said bobbin.

25. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion and a clamp for the hair at one end provided with means to permit adjustment along said bobbin so as to compensate for various lengths of hair wound upon said bobbin.

26. A hair curler or bobbin comprisin a hair receiving portion, and a clamp provi ed with a movable member for gripping the hair at one end of said bobbin, said movable member adapted to be held in closed position by the hair passing circumferentially around the member and the clamp.

27. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a rod, a tubular member provided with a hair receiving portion, a clamp at one end for receiving the hair adjacent the clamp and fastening the same to said hair receiving por tion, and a second clamp at the opposite end for fastening the free end of the hair to said hair receiving portion, said last clamp being adjustable to compensate for variations in the length of the hair. 7

28. In a device of the class described, the combination of a heating tube, a curler in the tube provided with a hair receiving portion, and a clamp including a movable leg mounted at one end on said curler to swing outwardly to open position and to swing inwardly to closed position to clamp the hair to said curler at said end.

29. A hair curler or bobbin comprisin a hair receivin portion, a clamp carried by said bobbin or securing the free end of the hair thereto, said clamp being detachably held upon and longitudinally adjustable along said bobbin to compensate for hair of different lengths.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

FELIX COUNE.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. l. 687. 659.

Granted October I6. 1928. to

FELIX COUNE.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specifieation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4.

read "whereby"; and that the said Letters Patent 10. for the word "whereof" should be read with this correction therein that record of the case in the Patent Office.

line 57, claim the same may conform to the Signed and sealed this 8th day of January. A. I). 1929.

M. J. Moore. Acting Commissioner of Patents.

spring cooperatin with said grooves to retain said clamp and permit adjustment thereof along said bobbin.

20. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion, a clamp for the hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at one end thereof, said clamp being detachabl held upon said bobbin, and means for hold ing said clamp upon said bobbin.

21. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion, a clamp fort e hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin, and detachable means for holding said clamp upon said bobbin.

22. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion, a clamp for the hair adapted to be carried by said bobbin at one end thereof, said clamp being detachably held upon said bobbin, and means for holding said clamp upon said bobbin, said means permitting longitudinal adjustment of said clamp along said bobbin.

23. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having clamp receiv ing means at one end, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp comprising a pair of interconnected jaw members adapted to co-operate wtih said clamp receiving means.

24. A hair curler 0r bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion having clamp. receiving means at one end, a clamp adapted to be carried by said bobbin at said end, said clamp comprising a pair of interconnected jaw members adapted to co-operate with said clamp receiving means, to permit longitudinal adjustment of said jaw members along said bobbin.

25. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a hair receiving portion and a clamp for the hair at one end provided with means to permit adjustment along said bobbin so as to compensate for various lengths of hair wound upon said bobbin.

26. A hair curler or bobbin comprisin a hair receiving portion, and a clamp provi ed with a movable member for gripping the hair at one end of said bobbin, said movable member adapted to be held in closed position by the hair passing circumferentially around the member and the clamp.

27. A hair curler or bobbin comprising a rod, a tubular member provided with a hair receiving portion, a clamp at one end for receiving the hair adjacent the clamp and fastening the same to said hair receiving por tion, and a second clamp at the opposite end for fastening the free end of the hair to said hair receiving portion, said last clamp being adjustable to compensate for variations in the length of the hair. 7

28. In a device of the class described, the combination of a heating tube, a curler in the tube provided with a hair receiving portion, and a clamp including a movable leg mounted at one end on said curler to swing outwardly to open position and to swing inwardly to closed position to clamp the hair to said curler at said end.

29. A hair curler or bobbin comprisin a hair receivin portion, a clamp carried by said bobbin or securing the free end of the hair thereto, said clamp being detachably held upon and longitudinally adjustable along said bobbin to compensate for hair of different lengths.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

FELIX COUNE.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. l. 687. 659.

Granted October I6. 1928. to

FELIX COUNE.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specifieation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4.

read "whereby"; and that the said Letters Patent 10. for the word "whereof" should be read with this correction therein that record of the case in the Patent Office.

line 57, claim the same may conform to the Signed and sealed this 8th day of January. A. I). 1929.

M. J. Moore. Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

